Which criterion is not included as part of the elements of negligence?

The correct answer is based on the definition of negligence, which is a failure to exercise the care that a reasonably prudent person would exercise in like circumstances. The elements of negligence typically include duty, breach, causation, and damages.

Duty refers to the obligation that a person has to conform to a standard of care to avoid unreasonable harm to others. Causation establishes a link between the breach of duty and the harm suffered, demonstrating that the breach directly caused the damages. Damages are the actual injuries or losses incurred by the plaintiff due to the defendant's breach of duty.

Intent, on the other hand, is not a criterion for negligence. It belongs to a different legal category known as intentional torts, where the defendant has a deliberate intention to cause harm. In negligence cases, the focus is on the failure to act with reasonable care, without the necessity of proving intent. Thus, intent does not fit within the framework of negligence, making it the correct selection as the criterion not included as part of the elements of negligence.